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and station mrs houston are you ready

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we are ready for the event

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associated press this is mission control

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houston please call station for a voice

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check

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station this is the associated press how

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station hears you loud and clear how do

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you hear us

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i hear you just fine good day gentlemen

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this is marcia dunn speaking to you from

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the kennedy space center

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i'd like to start out by asking about

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the next week's visit or the dragon

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that has some pretty fine imagery the

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astronaut night snaring the dragon

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tell me tell me all about it and what

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you're doing to get ready and how

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uh it's good to be talking to you marcia

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interesting about getting ready because

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we were practicing a bit this morning

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and then we put our practice on hold so

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we could do this pao event and as soon

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as this pio event is over we're going to

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be practicing a dragon again and what

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we're what i've been doing earlier today

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is just doing our

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computer simulation of the arm which is

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similar to what we do on at jsc

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and and right after this event

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we will

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float into the cupola and start flying

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the real arm in uh what we call offset

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grapples it's uh it's a

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procedure where we go in and actually

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grapple a go over a pin on a grapple

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fixture and and from that point we call

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it good and we back up and we do it over

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and over and over again so we are

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getting uh prepared for uh our visitor

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next week

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are you personally excited to be the one

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reeling dragon in it's a historic first

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a lot of eyes are going to be on the

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whole process

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how honored are you to be the one to be

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really i see this

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as a team effort andre and i are flying

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the arm we're taking turns flying the

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arm and it really doesn't matter who's

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actually flying the arm when we grapple

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the dragon the important thing is that

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we we do our part of the job for this

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team effort and you got to remember

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there's a heap of folks on the ground

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that are all working on this too so it's

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not just us it's uh

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orchestration of earth and space and

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space station and people on space

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station to make this happen so it's it's

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a big deal

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but i hope this becomes so routine that

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people won't even pay attention to it

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anymore

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well that sort of segues into my next

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question a few months back i remember

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you hearing you compare the commercial

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space effort with the wagon trains

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moving west in our own country

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talk about that a little bit how you see

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this in the big history

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in the big picture of the history of

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uh well right now space exploration is

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very expensive and it seems to be the

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realm of governments and they are the

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ones that are defining what the mission

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is and what the mission objectives are

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however we're at the point now where

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commercial enterprise can help supply

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the goods and services needed to keep

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the government working in their

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forefront activities and

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analogy to this is what we do

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in antarctica uh the antarctic uh

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research program is defined by

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the national science foundation

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but the goods and services are all

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contracted out to commercial people that

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provide the food the services the

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airplanes the

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the housing all of that's contracted out

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so so the government's in the business

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of exploring the frontier and defining

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the mission and they spall off the the

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support activities to commercial free

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enterprise which is a very american

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thing to do

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and and that's what happened in in the

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settling of the wild west of america

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where where the government would run the

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forts and define the missions and then

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they would get commercial enterprise to

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supply the goods and services and to

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build the railroads and and i i see this

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whole story repeating itself again and

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again as we move from low earth orbit

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and it'll probably repeat itself when we

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go to the moon and elsewhere

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dr cooper um

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what's your take on that as a european

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how momentous do you think this upcoming

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well it's it's the next the start of the

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next era and it's a

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say a natural process uh we've seen this

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of course

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in the past with all kinds of

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transportation with shipping aviation uh

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so this will happen in space flight as

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well and uh it feels uh it feels very

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good to to be part of that

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and i look forward to it very much this

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is uh

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the start of a real new era and uh we

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continue uh with the rapid pace i expect

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and there's a lot more to come

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well um maybe either of you can tell me

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are you taking any safety precautions

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for this mission that you might not take

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for other spacecraft that have come to

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visit i'm just wondering if the fact

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that it's a commercial vehicle versus a

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government vehicle will mean some

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changes in the rendezvous practices from

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your end

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well as you know space flight uh is is

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very safe there's a lot of safety

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precautions for everything we do

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for all the vehicles that that come from

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all the nations and and this includes

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also

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uh the dragon that's coming now so uh a

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lot of people on the ground uh are

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working on this and it's i can tell you

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it's it's very safe we have a lot of uh

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of steps where we we check everything uh

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the ground and the crew and

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everybody so for from that point of view

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it's not different than any other one uh

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it's it's safe

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and and

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i'm wondering if either of you have

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spoken either by phone or via email with

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elon musk is he offering any special

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words of wisdom or encouragement as

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i don't think either one of us have had

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a chance to chat with him i've talked to

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him in the past way before this mission

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about various aides dealing with space

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flight but

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i i haven't had any communication with

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him since this has started

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dr pettit for you in particular

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um you know americans are are

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are taking rides on the russian rockets

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until the commercial industry gets on

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its feet so to speak

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um do you see the the the future of

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astronauts american astronauts space

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travel

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lying heavily on the upcoming launch as

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a proving ground perhaps as to what

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i see that that any

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enterprise that wants to build a rocket

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to fly into space that's a step in the

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forward direction and we as as public

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watching in on this endeavor need to be

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prepared to see a few flops

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because that'll happen and think about

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what happens in the aviation industry

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and you've seen these old pictures of

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airplanes with 27 wings that collapse

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before it even gets off the runway and

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and uh airplanes have things that look

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like umbrellas that vibrate up and down

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and and we kind of laugh at those but at

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the time these were serious efforts to

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try to

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to figure out how to fly and uh we'll

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probably see that story repeat again and

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again and we just can't quit if the

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first time or two doesn't work right so

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this is just something that it takes a

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lot of work we roll up our sleeves we

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try if if it's successful great we can't

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uh

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let our heads get swollen up too much

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because there's always a failure around

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the corner and when one of those happens

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we just regroup sharpen our pencils do

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some more calculations make some uh

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engineering modifications and and keep

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going and i hope that that is the

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ingenuity in the american process that

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uh will

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lead to a commercialization of space

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well thank you for that answer and by

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the way i've been following your space

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zucchini broccoli sunflower saga

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a question about your coffee though are

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you sipping coffee up there uh from one

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of your um

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mugs that you like to make or are you

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using the traditional pouches and straws

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i know that's

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something you've

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toyed with in the past i was just

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the the coffee is going great and uh

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most of the time i drink it from a bag

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because that's a utilitarian thing to do

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you can fly around the room with a drink

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bag and and

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i happen to have one here and then i was

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drinking on the robotic workstation here

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as i was practicing right before this

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event however i do enjoy using my zero

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gravity cup and i'll drink tea and

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coffee from that uh on occasion just

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because we're in space and we can

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well good for you

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and and best of luck next week and for

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the remainder of your journey and god

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speed uh safe return to earth in a few

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well thanks marcia it's always good to

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have a chat with you

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and station this is houston acr that

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concludes the associated press portion

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of the event please stand by for a voice

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check from krla radio

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station this is krla radio how do you

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krl radio we hear you loud and clear

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well it's good to talk with you um from

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back on earth what's it like up there we

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see images to me it always looks like

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weightlessness is in slow motion is

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there anything to that uh describe what

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uh weightlessness it's uh

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it's the opposite of being heavy and and

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uh

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it's it's hard to describe it's

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wonderful it's uplifting you can float

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around the room as andre is doing here

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and we move slow

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because if you move fast you can easily

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get things out of control and just for

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example i've got oh i've got a little

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drink bag here and if i give it a fast

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push it just disappears it's it's

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already in node two now and you don't

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want to push saves fast like that

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because you'll lose them they'll bang

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around on the walls maybe they'll knock

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something else loose so one of the

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things that that you rapidly learn when

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you come into space is that slow

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actually gets things done quicker than

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fast

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what impacts does the weightlessness

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have on

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normal body functions when you drink

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liquid and it goes down into our stomach

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is there any sensation of it not feeling

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well actually you can try something

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yourself you can stand on your head you

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can still drink because uh the the body

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takes care of it it's pushed down to

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your stomach so in that sense we can we

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can eat and drink what we want the

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control of fluids and food in your mouth

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is also very good with your tongue so

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there's no no issue there

280
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so from from eating and drinking point

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of view it's it's pretty normal but you

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have to be careful with the food of

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course that things don't escape

284
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because that

285
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that that might well make things a bit

286
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uh dirty and things like that but uh

287
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that is a thing we have to get adjusted

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to to deal with uh with floating fluids

289
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with floating food

290
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during

291
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what about the sense of movement or

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speed i'm told you're moving it like 17

293
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000 miles an hour up there a couple

294
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hundred miles up but yet you're so far

295
00:12:34,230 --> 00:12:30,000
off the earth is there no real sense or

296
00:12:39,030 --> 00:12:36,470
well that's correct uh you can you can

297
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compare it actually with a flight in a

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in an airliner at about uh

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10 kilometers at uh altitude because the

300
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angular speed is is the same so the the

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the speed of the earth passing by

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from a plane is at the the same as

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for us at

304
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400 kilometers altitude so

305
00:13:01,829 --> 00:12:59,920
you see that we're moving uh but you

306
00:13:03,670 --> 00:13:01,839
don't really have the feeling of

307
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enormous speed

308
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like you don't have in a plane as well

309
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sound at all up there or is it just the

310
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the fans and things that run what's it

311
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it's kind of like living in the engine

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room of a ship

313
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we're surrounded by machinery a space is

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a place where human beings cannot

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innately live and the only reason we

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could

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live here is by taking machines with us

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to provide all the functions and one of

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the things that that we need to have is

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air movement because there's no

321
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gravitational driven convection there's

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no wind up here and and things can get

323
00:13:51,189 --> 00:13:48,399
pretty stale uh pretty quickly and so we

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always have fans blowing and moving air

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around and and that adds a certain level

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of background noise and then we have

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mechanisms like our treadmill and our

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00:14:04,230 --> 00:14:01,360
stationary bicycle and and other pumps

329
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and equipment for from both systems and

330
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and scientific viewpoint and all these

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00:14:10,790 --> 00:14:09,040
sayings make uh mechanized machine kind

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of noises and when you add it all

333
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together it's uh

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it's a reminder that you are living in a

335
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machine

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allow you to be here

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you have a

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commercial supply ship coming

339
00:14:31,269 --> 00:14:26,959
for the first time up there what is the

340
00:14:36,230 --> 00:14:33,030
the importance of

341
00:14:38,790 --> 00:14:36,240
the dragon vehicle coming up is

342
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letting some entity other than the

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government

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do the supplies for

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the space station for moving off into

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space so now the governments like uh

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government-run agencies like nasa can

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concentrate on the frontier aspect of

349
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being in space they can define the

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mission they can define where we're

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going and what we're going to be doing

352
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and then we can

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have the commercial entities supply us

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00:15:10,710 --> 00:15:07,120
the

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in order to

356
00:15:16,230 --> 00:15:13,120
to uh do the mission and and i like to

357
00:15:17,750 --> 00:15:16,240
use the analogy of forts in the old west

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in the united states

359
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and the wagon trades that supplied the

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00:15:25,189 --> 00:15:22,720
forts were run by commercial entities

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and later replaced by the train system

362
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but the government defined what the

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00:15:32,150 --> 00:15:30,240
mission was and ran the forts and and i

364
00:15:33,990 --> 00:15:32,160
think we're going to see that scenario

365
00:15:36,470 --> 00:15:34,000
play itself over and over again as

366
00:15:39,189 --> 00:15:36,480
humanity moves out into space

367
00:15:42,550 --> 00:15:39,199
a little bit now about the

368
00:15:44,470 --> 00:15:42,560
risks up there um space debris sometimes

369
00:15:47,030 --> 00:15:44,480
we'll see stories about uh things that

370
00:15:48,710 --> 00:15:47,040
are done to protect against that

371
00:15:50,710 --> 00:15:48,720
is there's a lot of junk floating up

372
00:15:54,870 --> 00:15:50,720
there or do you ever see anything fly by

373
00:15:57,670 --> 00:15:55,829
uh

374
00:16:00,550 --> 00:15:57,680
there there is a lot of junk if you look

375
00:16:02,310 --> 00:16:00,560
at the radar targets that uh where they

376
00:16:04,470 --> 00:16:02,320
plot them as little dots around earth

377
00:16:06,550 --> 00:16:04,480
that it's like wow we're flying in a

378
00:16:10,230 --> 00:16:06,560
cloud of junk however

379
00:16:12,069 --> 00:16:10,240
space in low earth orbit is a big place

380
00:16:14,470 --> 00:16:12,079
and the chances of actually running into

381
00:16:16,629 --> 00:16:14,480
one is pretty small

382
00:16:18,710 --> 00:16:16,639
however we do have to watch out for

383
00:16:21,910 --> 00:16:18,720
these saids and every once in a while we

384
00:16:25,110 --> 00:16:21,920
do a debris avoid a debris avoidance

385
00:16:28,629 --> 00:16:25,120
maneuver which is a nasa acronym for dam

386
00:16:32,150 --> 00:16:28,639
so we can actually say dam on the uh

387
00:16:34,069 --> 00:16:32,160
loops now and in the context of debris

388
00:16:37,030 --> 00:16:34,079
you will be understood

389
00:16:39,910 --> 00:16:37,040
and we did we've done a couple of dams

390
00:16:41,269 --> 00:16:39,920
since we've been here and one time we

391
00:16:43,110 --> 00:16:41,279
did not have

392
00:16:47,509 --> 00:16:43,120
enough warning to

393
00:16:50,389 --> 00:16:47,519
do a dam so we uh went into our soyuz as

394
00:16:52,710 --> 00:16:50,399
a safe haven in in case of collision but

395
00:16:55,189 --> 00:16:52,720
there was not one and so we popped out

396
00:16:57,350 --> 00:16:55,199
of our soyuz and and went back to work

397
00:16:58,870 --> 00:16:57,360
and then what about these solar flares

398
00:17:01,990 --> 00:16:58,880
that we've been seeing from time to time

399
00:17:03,910 --> 00:17:02,000
in the news is there any extra radiation

400
00:17:07,750 --> 00:17:03,920
on you guys and is there anything you do

401
00:17:11,110 --> 00:17:10,069
there's probably some extra radiation

402
00:17:13,590 --> 00:17:11,120
however

403
00:17:15,750 --> 00:17:13,600
we're we're exo atmospheric but we're

404
00:17:17,590 --> 00:17:15,760
still protected by earth's magnetosphere

405
00:17:19,429 --> 00:17:17,600
earth earth is like a great big

406
00:17:21,429 --> 00:17:19,439
spherical magnet with a north and a

407
00:17:23,270 --> 00:17:21,439
south pole and the magnetic field

408
00:17:25,429 --> 00:17:23,280
radiates way out into space for

409
00:17:28,630 --> 00:17:25,439
thousands of miles and it intercepts

410
00:17:31,750 --> 00:17:28,640
these solar generated particles and

411
00:17:33,510 --> 00:17:31,760
deflects them it's kind of like

412
00:17:36,230 --> 00:17:33,520
scotty turning up the shields for the

413
00:17:39,510 --> 00:17:36,240
starship enterprise and earth does this

414
00:17:41,750 --> 00:17:39,520
naturally for us and and so

415
00:17:44,230 --> 00:17:41,760
we don't have to worry from a radiation

416
00:17:47,110 --> 00:17:44,240
safety point of view when

417
00:17:48,950 --> 00:17:47,120
most of these solar events occur and the

418
00:17:51,270 --> 00:17:48,960
biggest effect of these is that it makes

419
00:17:52,870 --> 00:17:51,280
beautiful aurora and we like to stick

420
00:17:55,029 --> 00:17:52,880
our noses against the window in the

421
00:17:57,110 --> 00:17:55,039
cupola and and look at these these

422
00:17:59,590 --> 00:17:57,120
spectacular aurora displays that happen

423
00:18:02,630 --> 00:17:59,600
every time the the sun goes burp

424
00:18:05,270 --> 00:18:02,640
lastly um read an article about how the

425
00:18:06,950 --> 00:18:05,280
eyeball uh changes a bit for those who

426
00:18:09,510 --> 00:18:06,960
have gone in space

427
00:18:14,789 --> 00:18:09,520
um do you sense any changes physically

428
00:18:18,150 --> 00:18:16,150
well there's a lot of things happening

429
00:18:20,870 --> 00:18:18,160
with the human body and weightlessness

430
00:18:24,150 --> 00:18:20,880
because of course uh the it functions

431
00:18:26,870 --> 00:18:24,160
best at at one times gravity 1g and the

432
00:18:29,590 --> 00:18:26,880
body adapts uh to uh to the microgravity

433
00:18:32,230 --> 00:18:29,600
environment some things however like uh

434
00:18:33,430 --> 00:18:32,240
like like bone loss and and muscle

435
00:18:35,590 --> 00:18:33,440
atrophy

436
00:18:37,270 --> 00:18:35,600
these are things that that continue on

437
00:18:38,390 --> 00:18:37,280
the long run and we have to do things

438
00:18:41,430 --> 00:18:38,400
against that

439
00:18:43,190 --> 00:18:41,440
now there is indeed some some some new

440
00:18:45,190 --> 00:18:43,200
indications that things happen with the

441
00:18:48,070 --> 00:18:45,200
album and that this investigation is

442
00:18:49,990 --> 00:18:48,080
going on at the moment uh i mean we have

443
00:18:51,669 --> 00:18:50,000
been going to space for long durations

444
00:18:53,909 --> 00:18:51,679
for for many many years many many

445
00:18:55,750 --> 00:18:53,919
decades and so it's it's not that

446
00:18:57,590 --> 00:18:55,760
serious that we

447
00:18:59,990 --> 00:18:57,600
that we cannot go anymore it's just

448
00:19:02,630 --> 00:19:00,000
something new that's being uh being

449
00:19:04,549 --> 00:19:02,640
investigated and see uh if this is

450
00:19:06,390 --> 00:19:04,559
something that we have to uh to find

451
00:19:09,430 --> 00:19:06,400
countermeasures against or something

452
00:19:12,549 --> 00:19:09,440
else so at the moment it's uh it's not

453
00:19:14,549 --> 00:19:12,559
an issue that we are very worried about

454
00:19:18,710 --> 00:19:14,559
well it's been good talking with both of

455
00:19:22,470 --> 00:19:20,870
it's our pleasure and come back and

456
00:19:26,390 --> 00:19:22,480
visit us again

457
00:19:31,830 --> 00:19:28,150
station this is houston acr that

458
00:19:36,789 --> 00:19:34,150
and thank you associated press